Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) of Nuclear Physics Class XII
Each questions has FOUR possible answers. Bold faced is correct answer.
1. Atom is consist of
(a) Electron
(b) Proton
(c) Neutron
(d) All of These
2. Atom as a whole
(a) Positively Charged Particle
(b) Negatively Charged Particle
(c) Neutral Particle
(d) None of These
3. Who discovered electron
(a) R.A Milliken
(b) J.J Thomson
(c) Crooks
(d) None of These
4. The charge on electron is
(a) 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs
(b) 1.6 x 10⁻²⁰ coulombs
(c) 1.6 x 10⁻²² coulombs
(d) 1.6 x 10⁻²³ coulombs
5. The mass of electron is
(a) 1.67 x 10⁻²⁹ kg
(b) 1.67 x 10⁻²⁷ kg
(c) 1.67 x 10⁻³² kg
(d) 1.67 x 10⁻³³ kg
6. Based on the concepts of modern physics, atoms of the known elements posses a structure consisting of a central core of the atom is called
(a) Proton
(b) Nucleus
(c) Nucleons
(d) Radius
7. Rutherford experiment on the scattering of the alpha particles by thin foils establishes the existence of
(a) Positively Charged nucleus
(b) Negatively Charged nucleus
(c) Neutron in the nucleus
(d) Distribution of charge in the atom
8. The dimension of the nucleus are of the order of
(a) 10⁻¹⁴ m
(b) 10⁻¹⁵ m
(c) 10⁻¹⁶ m
(d) 10⁻¹⁷ m
9. Nucleus contains
(a) Protons, electron
(b) Electrons, Neutrons
(c) Proton, Neutron
(d) Proton, Neutron, Electron
10. Atomic region surrounding the nucleus is of the order of
(a) 10⁻¹⁴ m
(b) 10⁻¹⁵ m
(c) 10⁻¹⁶ m
(d) 10⁻¹⁰ m
11. Neutron was discovered by
(a) Chadwick
(b) J.J Thomson
(c) Crooks
(d) None of These
12. The total number of nucleons in the nucleus is called
(a) Atomic number
(b) Mass Number
(c) Mole
(d) None of These
13. The total number of electron around the nucleus or total number of protons in the nucleus is called
(a) Atomic number
(b) Mass Number
(c) Mole
(d) None of These
14. The number of neutron N is equal to
(a) N = A-Z
(b) N = A+Z
(c) N = A x Z
(d) None of These
15. Nuclei of different elements are identified by their
(a) Atomic number
(b) Mass Number
(c) Mole
(d) None of These
17. One gram mole of any substance contains
(a) 6.022 x 10 ²⁹ number of atomic nuclei
(b) 6.022 x 10 ²⁷ number of atomic nuclei
(c) 6.022 x 10 ²³ number of atomic nuclei
(d) 6.022 x 10 ²⁶ number of atomic nuclei
18. Mass of the nucleus is of the order of
(a) 10⁻²⁴ kg
(b) 10⁻²⁷ kg
(c) 10⁻³² kg
(d) 10⁻³¹ kg
19. Atomic mass is measured in
(a) Kilogram
(b) Gram
(c) amu
(d) Angstroms
20. 1 amu is equal to the
(a) 1/12 of the mass of carbon atom
(b) 1/14 of the mass of nitrogen atom
(c) 1/16 of the mass of oxygen atom
(d) None of These
21. The mass of electron on the unified atomic mass scale (amu) is equal to
(a) 0.000548 amu
(b) 0.00548 amu
(c) 0.0548 amu
(d) 0.548 amu
22. The mass of proton the unified atomic mass scale (amu) is equal to
(a) 0.007276 amu
(b) 0.07276 amu
(c) 0.7276 amu
(d) 7276 amu
23. The mass of neutron the unified atomic mass scale (amu) is equal to
(a) 1.8665 amu
(b) 1.08665 amu
(c) 1.008665 amu
(d) 1.0008665 amu
24. F.W Aston developed an instrument , which use electric and magnetic fields to sort out atoms according to their masses
(a) Cyclotron
(b) Betatron
(c) Mass Spectrometer
(d) Barometer
25. Nuclei of the same element having the same Z but different values of N are called
(a) Isotopes
(b) Isobars
(c) Isomers
(d) allotropes
26. Nuclei of the different element having the same mass number A are called
(a) Isotopes
(b) Isobars
(c) Isomers
(d) allotropes
27. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol ₁H¹
(a) Proton
(b) Deuteron
(c) Triton
(d) All of the above
28. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol ₁H²
(a) Proton
(b) Deuteron
(c) Triton
(d) All of the above
29. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol ₁H³
(a) Proton
(b) Deuteron
(c) Triton
(d) All of the above
30. The process of seperation of ₉₂U ²³⁵
(a) Enrichment
(b) Seperation
(c) Annhilation
(d) Fusion
31. Nuclear forces are
(a) Short range forces
(b) Long range forces
(c) Independent of distance
(d) None of the above
32. The amount of energy required to break the nucleus into its constituent particles is called
(a) Mass defect
(b) Binding energy
(c) Ionization energy
(d) None of the above
33. The emission of rays from the nucleus is called
(a) Annhilation of matter
(b) Disintegration of Atoms
(c) Radioactivity
(d) Fusion
34. Which is not radio active element
(a) Polonium
(b) Uranium
(c) Radium
(d) Hydrogen
35. Radio active elements emits
(a) Alpha rays
(b) Beta rays
(c) Gamma rays
(d) All of the above
36.The mass of each alpha particle is nearly
(a) Twice time the mass of hydrogen
(b) Three time the mass of hydrogen
(c) Four time the mass of hydrogen
(d) Five time the mass of hydrogen
37. Alpha particle is
(a) Positively Charged
(b) Negatively Charged
(c) Neutral
(d) None of the above
38. Charge on each alpha particle
(a) Is equal to the charge of proton
(b) Is equal to the twice charge of proton
(c) Is equal to the three times charge of proton
(d) Is equal to the four times charge of proton
39. Which of the following particle has very high ionization capability
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
40. Which of the following particle has low penetration power
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
41.Which of the following particle can induce artificial radio activity in certain nuclei
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
42. Alpha rays are found to be in
(a) Electromagnetic wave
(b) Electrons
(c) Fastly moving nucleus
(d) Fastly moving neutron
43. Identify the alpha particle
(a) ₁H³
(b) ₁H²
(c) ₁H¹
(d) ₂He⁴
44. Which of the following particles consist of fast moving electron
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
45.Which of the following particles has less kinetic energy
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) None of the above
(d) All of the above
46. Which of the following particle moves with the velocity of light
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
47. Gamma rays are
(a) Positively Charged Particle
(b) Negatively Charged Particle
(c) Neutral Particle
(d) None of These
48. Which rays are or particles not deflected by the electric and magnetic field
(a) Alpha particle
(b) Beta particle
(c) Gamma particle
(d) All of the above
49. When gamma rays are bombarded on metals they emit
(a) Protons from the metal surface
(b) Neutrons from the metal surface
(c) Electrons from the metal surface
(d) All of the above
50. The penetration power of gamma rays is about hundred times larger than that of
(a) Alpha rays
(b) Beta rays
(c) Photon
(d) Electrons
51. Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiations similar to
(a) Radio waves
(b) Beta rays
(c) X-rays
(d) Photon
52. Unstable isotopes are called
(a) Isobars
(b) Isomers
(c) Radioactive isotopes
(d) None of the Above
53. Isotopes differ only in the number of
(a) Electrons
(b) Neutrons
(c) Protons
(d) None of the Above
54. Which radiation is not emitted by a radioactive Isotopes
(a) Gamma rays
(b) Beta rays
(c) X-rays
(d) Alpha rays
55. Which isotopes of the hydrogen is radioactive
(a) ₁H³
(b) ₁H²
(c) ₁H¹
(d) None of the above
56. When a nucleus emits an alpha radiation/particles its atomic number drops by
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
57.When a nucleus emits an alpha radiation/particles its nucleon drops by
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
58. How much energy is released when one amu is wholly converted into energy
(a) 931.5 Mev
(b) 831.5 Mev
(c) 711.5 Mev
(d) 631.5 Mev
59. When an element emits Beta particles, its mass number A
(a) Increases by 1
(b) Decreases by 1
(c) Remains Same
(d) Becomes zero
60. When an element emits Beta particles, its mass number Z changes by
(a) +1
(b) -1
(c) +1 or -1
(d) Remains same
61. When an X element emits gamma rays, its atomic number Z
(a) Increases by 1
(b) Decreases by 1
(c) Remains Same
(d) Becomes zero
62. When an X element emits gamma rays, its Mass number A
(a) Increases by 1
(b) Decreases by 1
(c) Remains Same
(d) Becomes zero
63. Out of the following, which is not emitted by radioactive substance
(a) Electron
(b) Electromagnetic Radiation
(c) Helium nuclei with a charge equal to that of two protons
(d) neutrons
64. A radioactive element X has atomic number Z and atomic mass number A. It decays the emission of an alpha particle and a gamma ray. The new element is
(a) Z-1Y A⁻²
(b) Z-1Y A⁻²
(c) Z-1YA+1
(d) Z-1YA+1
65. Time required for the element to decay to one half of its original number is called
(a) Transmutation
(b) Half Life
(c) Nuclear Decay
(d) None of the above
66. The half life of a radio active substance depends upon
(a) Temperature
(b) External Pressure on it
(c) The mass of the substance
(d) The strength of the nuclear force between the nucleons of its atoms
67. Which of the following laws must be obeyed in a nuclear reaction
(a) The conservation of electric charge
(b) The conservation of energy, mass
(c) The conservation of linear momentum
(d) The conservation of angular momentum
68. Which of the following particles is considered as an ideal projectile for induced nuclear reaction
(a) Electron
(b) Proton
(c) Neutron
(d) Gamma particle
69. When mass m is converted into energy it releases energy equal to
(a) mc²
(b) mc³
(c) m²c
(d mc
70. The splitting of nuclei of a substance into two or more fragments with the emission of energy is called
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Alpha decay
(d) None of the above
71. The process in which two smaller nuclei combine to form a big nucleus with release of energy is called
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Alpha decay
(d) None of the above
72.Theoretically, the neutron induced fission of one kilogram of uranium nuclei into smaller nuclei release energy approximately equal to
(a) 8 x 10 ¹⁹ J
(b) 8 x 10 ¹⁷ J
(c) 8 x 10 ¹⁴ J
(d) 8 x 10 ¹³ J
73. In a fission reaction each nucleus about
(a) One to two neutrons
(b) two to three neutrons
(c) One to two electrons
(d) two to three electrons
74. Which reaction gives more energy
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Burning of coal
(d) All of the above
75. The sun which is largest source of heat energy gets its energy by the process
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Nuclear chain reaction
(d) All of the above
76. Atomic bomb is based on the principle of
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Nuclear chain reaction
(d) All of the above
77. Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of
(a) Nuclear Fission
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Nuclear chain reaction
(d) All of the above
78. Which device is used to extract nuclear energy with easier means and with out any harm to environment and human beings and utilize the energy for fruitful purpose in everyday life and work
(a) Cyclotron
(b) Nuclear Reactor
(c) Hydrogen Bomb
(d) Betatron
79. Graphite and heavy water are two common moderator used in nuclear reactor. The function of the moderator is
(a) To slow down the neutron to thermal energies
(b) To absorb the neutrons and stop the chain reaction
(c) to cool the reactor
(d) To control the energy released in the reactor
80. Cadmium rods are used in nuclear reactor for
(a) Slow down the fast neutron
(b) Speeding up slow neutrons
(c) absorbing neutrons
(d) regulating the power level of the rection
81. Which isotopes of uranium is mostly used as fuel in a common nuclear reactor
(a) ₉₂U ²³⁵
(b) ₉₂U ²³⁹
(c) ₉₂U ²³⁸
(d) None of the above
82. In breeder reactor, which isotopes of uranium is used as fuel
(a) ₉₂U ²³⁵
(b) ₉₂U ²³⁹
(c) ₉₂U ²³⁸
(d) None of the above
83. In liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor we use
(a) Water as coolant
(b) Sodium Metal as coolant
(c) Graphite as Coolant
(d) None of the above
84. Which nuclear radiation detector is based on the principle "that supersaturated vapours condense more readily on ions or dust particles
(a) Wilson and cloud chamber
(b) Geiger counter
(c) Solid state detector
(d) None of the above
85. Solid state detector is basically
(a) Forward bias PN junction
(b) Reversed bias PN junction
(c) Forward bias Transistor
(d) None of the above
86. Atomic theory was announced by Dalton in\
(a) 1895
(b) 1905
(c) 1808
(d) 1708
87. In 1891 J.J Thomson performed famous experiment relating to the passage of electric current through
(a) A Solid
(b) A gas
(c) A Liquid
(d) All of the above
88. By passing an electric discharge through a gas low pressure, the electron was discovered by
(a) R.A Milliken
(b) J.J Thomson
(c) Crooks
(d) None of These
89. Rutherford bombarded a thin sheet of gold with\
(a) Gamma rays
(b) Beta particle
(c) Alpha particle
(d) X- rays
90. According to Rutherford Model of atom, the positive charge in an atom
(a) Is uniformly spread through its volume
(b) Is concentrated at its centre
(c) Is at certain distance from its center
(d) None of These
91. The charge on electron was determined by Milliken in
(a) 1895
(b) 1905
(c) 1909
(d) 1918
92. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen with alpha particle to discover a thin sheet of gold with
(a) Electron
(b) Proton
(c) Neutron
(d) X- rays
93. Chadwick discovered neutron by the study of scattering of alpha particle from
(a) Gold Foil
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Beryllium
(d) Oxygen
94. Neutrons and protons in the nucleus are together called
(a) Nucleons
(b) Photon
(c) Mesons
(d) Atomic particle
95. Charge on electron was determined by
(a) Milliken
(b) Thomson
(c) Ampere
(d) Maxwell
96. Isobars have the same
(a) Atomic number
(b) Mass Number
(c) Atomic number & Mass Number
(d) Avogadro Number
97. The apparatus to find masses of positive ions or photons and to detect the isotopes is called
(a) Geiger
(b) Solid state detector
(c) Wilson and Cloud chamber
(d) Aston and Mass Spectrometer
98. A mass spectrograph (Spectrometer) sorts out
(a) Molecules
(b) Atoms
(c) Elements
(d) Isotopes
99. The mass of positron is equal to the mass of
(a) Neutron
(b) Proton
(c) Deutron
(d) Electron
100. Nuclear force is
(a) Attractive and long range force
(b) Repulsive and long range force
(c) Attractive and short range force
(d) Repulsive and short range force
101. The interaction between neutron - neutron (proton - proton) is caused by exchange of
(a) 𝝅⁺
(b) 𝝅⁰
(c) 𝝅⁻
(d) 𝝅 ⁻₊
101. The interaction between neutron - proton is caused by exchange of
(a) 𝝅⁺
(b) 𝝅⁰
(c) 𝝅⁻
(d) 𝝅 ⁻₊
102. Positron are created in a process of
(a) Fission
(b) Pair Production
(c) Annihilation of matter
(d) X-rays emission
103. Mass defect per nucleon is called
(a) Binding energy nucleus
(b) Packing Fraction
(c) Average energy per nucleus
(d) Average energy of reaction
104. The binding energy of Deutron is
(a) 22.24 Mev
(b) 2.224 Mev
(c) 0.224 Mev
(d) 222.4 Mev
105. The reciprocal of decay constant (𝛌)of a radioactive element
(a) Half Life
(b) Mean Life
(c) Total Life
(d) Curie
106. The mass of fissionable material required for self sustaining chain reaction is called the
(a) Atomic mass
(b) Feri mass
(c) Critical mass
(d) Super Critical mass
107. First atomic reactor was introduced by
(a) Rutherford
(b) Wilson
(c) Enrico Fermi
(d) Curie
108. In 1911, cloud chamber was invented by
(a) Rutherford
(b) Muller
(c) Lawrence
(d) C.T.R Wilson
109. The name electron was suggested by
(a) Rutherford
(b) J.J Thomoson
(c) Einstein
(d) Stoney
110. The positron was discovered by
(a) Dalton
(b) Rutherford
(c) Bohr
(d) Anderson
111. Anti proton was discovered by
(a) J.J Thomson
(b) Segre and Chamberlain
(c) Chadwick
(d) Anderson
112. Antiproton was discovered
(a) 1960
(b) 1950
(c) 1955
(d) 1940
113. The electrostatics force of repulsion between to protons is greater than gravitational force of attraction by factor
(a) 10 ¹⁴ times
(b) 10 ²⁸ times
(c) 10 ³⁶ times
(d) 10 ⁴⁰ times
114. Cosmic rays consist of
(a) Protons
(b) High energy photons
(c) Positron
(d) All of the above
115. The best nuclear fuel used in nuclear reactor is
(a) Uranium-236
(b) Plutonium -239
(c) Thorium -236
(d) Neptunium-239
116. The most useful tracer is
(a) Strontium -90
(b) Iodine -31
(c) Cobalt - 60
(d) Carbon -14
117. After two half lives the number of decayed nuclei of an element are
(a) N
(b) N/2
(c) N/4
(d) 3N/4
118. Artificial radioactivity was discovered by
(a) Becquerel
(b) Maxwell
(c) Rontgeon
(d) Marie Curie Pierre Curie
119. Curie is the unit of
(a) Conductivity
(b) Binding energy
(c) Resistivity
(d) Radioactivity
120. Capture of neutron by a nucleus results in the formation of
(a) Triton
(b) Radio Isotopes
(c) Deutron
(d) Proton
121. Geiger Counter was designed by
(a) Rutherford and Thomson
(b) Geiger and Wilson
(c) Lawrence and Geiger
(d) Geiger and Muller
122. Natural radioactivity introduced in
(a) 1896
(b) 1996
(c) 1796
(d) 1696
123. Which of the detector has an edge over the others
(a) Solid state detector
(b) Wilson and Cloud chamber
(c) Geiger Counter
(d) None of the above
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